{"id":1294,"date":"2024-11-10T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-10T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294"},"modified":"2025-02-01T17:53:53","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T16:53:53","slug":"o-kapitalizme-socializme-a-demokracii-ocami-j-a-schumpetera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294","title":{"rendered":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V \u00favode na\u0161ej eseje pova\u017eujeme za d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 osobu Josepha Aloisa Schumpetera<\/em>, ktor\u00fd je mnoh\u00fdmi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za jedn\u00e9ho z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch teoretikov demokracie ako takej. J.A Schumpeter (8.2.1883 \u2013 8.1.1950) je rod\u00e1kom z malebn\u00e9ho mesta na Morave s n\u00e1zvom T\u0159e\u0161\u0165. Schumpeterov p\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak prim\u00e1rne rak\u00fasky a okrem in\u00e9ho je dobre zn\u00e1me aj jeho aristokratick\u00e9 pozadie. Do okruhu jeho z\u00e1ujmov spadala najm\u00e4 ekonomika, hist\u00f3ria ekonomiky a v neposlednom rade aj v\u00fdskum demokracie, ktor\u00fa v\u0161ak \u010dasto interpretoval pr\u00e1ve cez prizmu ekon\u00f3mie. Jeho aristokratick\u00fd p\u00f4vod \u010dasto vzbudzoval mno\u017estvo ot\u00e1zok k jeho ekonomick\u00fdm te\u00f3ri\u00e1m a my\u0161lienkam, no je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 podotkn\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee nad\u010dasovos\u0165 jeho t\u00e9z, hr\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fa rolu aj v dne\u0161nej dobe pri r\u00f4znych v\u00fdskumoch v ekonomike a demokracii.[1] \u010eal\u0161ou zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou je napr. aj jeho p\u00f4sobenie v soci\u00e1lnodemokratickom kabinete ako minister financi\u00ed v novej rak\u00faskej republike po Prvej svetovej vojne. Okrem in\u00e9ho je pova\u017eovan\u00fd za zakladate\u013ea pr\u00fadov, kt. naz\u00fdvame demokratick\u00fd revizionizmus<\/em>, demokratick\u00e9 elit\u00e1rstvo<\/em> \u010di kompetit\u00edvny elitizmus<\/em>.[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Ako poukazuje \u010desk\u00fd politol\u00f3g Lubom\u00edr Kope\u010dek<\/em> v siedmej kapitole diela Koncept demokracie pod\u013ea Schumpetera<\/em>, c\u00edti\u0165 v jeho diele Kapitalizmus, socializmus a demokracia<\/em> (1942) nepriamo vyjadren\u00fd aristokratick\u00fd postoj pri analyzovan\u00fdch ot\u00e1zkach. Kope\u010dek \u010falej poukazuje aj elit\u00e1rsku r\u00e9toriku samotn\u00e9ho Schumpetera, ktor\u00e1 poukazovala na fakt, \u017ee vplyv el\u00edt na fungovanie politick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd a v podstate aj nenahradite\u013en\u00fd. Od klasick\u00fdch elit\u00e1rskych teoretikov, ktor\u00fdmi boli napr. Vilfredo Pareto<\/em> \u010di Gaetano Mosca<\/em>, ho v\u0161ak odli\u0161oval fakt, \u017ee v kontexte modelu vl\u00e1dnutia nijak demokraciu nevylu\u010doval a kl\u00e1dol zna\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4raz pr\u00e1ve na konkurenciu medzi skupinami el\u00edt. Nasledovne zo spomenut\u00fdch my\u0161lienok vych\u00e1dzali aj jeho anal\u00fdzy ku kapitalizmu a socializmu.[3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvotn\u00fdmi t\u00e9zami o kapitalizme, s\u00fa tvrdenia, \u017ee kapitalizmus ako tak\u00fd, smeruje k \u00fapadku a rovnako aj do podstaty, \u017ee ist\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom s\u00e1m vymizne a bude nahraden\u00fd socializmom. Tu L. Kope\u010dek v\u0161ak dod\u00e1va, \u017ee v t\u00fdchto tvrdeniach ide o paradox, ke\u010f\u017ee nejde o ne\u00faspech kapitalizmu ale pr\u00e1ve m\u00e1 vymizn\u00fa\u0165 z d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee je \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd.[4] Tu sa n\u00e1m naskytuj\u00fa ot\u00e1zky, ktor\u00e9 by sme mohli pomenova\u0165 napr. ako Schumpeterov paradox<\/em>. V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee je kapitalizmus tak\u00fd \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd ako n\u00e1m tvrd\u00ed Schumpeter, mal by vymizn\u00fa\u0165 a by\u0165 nahraden\u00fd? Je kapitalizmus racion\u00e1lny, v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee rast\u00face konzumn\u00e9 potreby obyvate\u013estva nedok\u00e1\u017eu by\u0165 naplnen\u00e9? A v neposlednom rade, ak\u00fd pocit sa n\u00e1m Schumpeter sna\u017e\u00ed navodi\u0165, ke\u010f i\u0161lo o elit\u00e1rskeho \u010dloveka a aristokrata?[5] Na polo\u017een\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky s ur\u010ditos\u0165ou neexistuj\u00fa jasne odpovede, no nazd\u00e1vame sa, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve kapitalizmus v\u00fdznamne \u017eiv\u00ed my\u0161lienky \u010di autorov, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa v te\u00f3rii n\u00e1lepku demokratick\u00e9 \u010di demokratick\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presu\u0148me sa v\u0161ak \u010falej k samotn\u00e9mu Schumpetrovmu kapitalizmu a socializmu. Pod\u013ea Schumpetera je kapitalistick\u00e1 ekonomika v neust\u00e1lej zmene \u010di premene, s \u010d\u00edm bude ur\u010dite s\u00fahlasi\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je tu neust\u00e1le objavovanie nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch postupov, nov\u00fdch trhov \u010di vznik nov\u00fdch typov organiz\u00e1cii. Nemenej d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd je aj fakt, \u017ee sa men\u00ed celkov\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara spolo\u010dnosti a doch\u00e1dza aj k po\u010detnej marginaliz\u00e1cii vrstiev (pod\u013ea L. Kope\u010dka napr. ro\u013en\u00edci \u010di remeseln\u00edci). To n\u00e1sledne vy\u00fasti aj do jej postupnej ekonomickej likvid\u00e1cie a \u00faplne vymiznutie zo spolo\u010denskej \u0161trukt\u00fary.[6] Tu sa domnievame, \u017ee tieto tvrdenia, platia moment\u00e1lne viac ne\u017e kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm a pr\u00e1ve preto sme poukazovali na nad\u010dasovos\u0165 my\u0161lienok J.A. Schumpetera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druhej strane socializmus, je pod\u013ea Schumpetera ak\u00e1si in\u0161titucion\u00e1lna \u0161trukt\u00fara, v ktorej ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti spolo\u010dnosti, nepatria do s\u00fakromnej sf\u00e9ry ale pr\u00e1ve do sf\u00e9ry verejnej. Novodob\u00fd socializmus tak pod\u013ea Schumpetera nemo\u017eno ozna\u010dova\u0165 ako \u010disto triedne hnutie, ktor\u00e9mu i\u0161lo o nastolenie beztriednej spolo\u010dnosti. D\u00f4vodom pre toto kon\u0161tatovanie je napr. fakt, \u017ee tak\u00e9to modernej\u0161ie syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 nastavenie dok\u00e1\u017ee ove\u013ea efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie rie\u0161i\u0165 novodob\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u013eudstva. N\u00e1strojmi na tak\u00e9to fungovanie m\u00e1 by\u0165 discipl\u00edna a v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 resp. efekt\u00edvna byrokracia.[7] Ako sme sa v\u0161ak u\u017e z na\u0161ej hist\u00f3rie mohli presved\u010di\u0165, \u201ev\u00fdkonn\u00e1\u201c alebo prehnan\u00e1 byrokracia, m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dasto spada\u0165 do defektnej \u010di nefunk\u010dnej byrokracie, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 napr. riadenie r\u00f4znych aspektov spolo\u010dnosti prostredn\u00edctvom diktat\u00fary technokratov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co v\u0161ak kritika \u010di rozsiahla debata k Schumpeterovym my\u0161lienkam, na ktor\u00fa sme pouk\u00e1zali v \u00favode na\u0161ej eseje? Kritiku L. Kope\u010dek interpretuje cez poh\u013ead britsk\u00e9ho sociol\u00f3ga a profesora politol\u00f3gie Davida Helda<\/em>.[8] D. Held pouk\u00e1zal konkr\u00e9tne na tri defektn\u00e9 miesta Schumpetrov\u00fdch koncepci\u00ed demokracie. V prvom pr\u00edpade kon\u0161tatuje, \u017ee probl\u00e9mom je u\u017e len samotn\u00e9 v\u00fdchodisko Schumpetrov\u00fdch anal\u00fdz, \u017ee existuje v\u00fdhradne len jedna klasick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria demokracie. V druhom pr\u00edpade D. Held dod\u00e1va, \u017ee \u017eiadny model v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, nedok\u00e1\u017ee rie\u0161i\u0165 v\u0161etky signifikantn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00fdmi aktu\u00e1lne politika prech\u00e1dza. Posledn\u00fdm tret\u00edm \u201eslab\u00fdm\u201c miestom m\u00e1 by\u0165 skuto\u010dnos\u0165, model s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee v elit\u00e1rstve je rigidn\u00fd, preto\u017ee neuzn\u00e1va ak\u00e9ko\u013evek in\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy v ot\u00e1zkach demokratick\u00fdch te\u00f3ri\u00ed.[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1ver by sme len dodali, \u017ee napriek protire\u010deniam \u010di paradoxom, maj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie spomenut\u00e9 t\u00e9zy J.A. Schumpetera v\u00fdznamne miesto pri sk\u00faman\u00ed t\u00e9m, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa pr\u00e1ve spom\u00ednan\u00fd kapitalizmus, socializmus \u010di demokracia. Pr\u00e1ve samotn\u00e1 demokracia sa m\u00f4\u017ee toti\u017e vyv\u00edja\u0165 a pos\u00fava\u0165 len v\u010faka tak\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm autorom, ak\u00fdm bol aj J.A. Schumpeter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] LIBERTO, D.: Who Was Joseph Schumpeter, and What Was He Known For?<\/em> [online], [cit. 11\/12\/2024]. Dostupn\u00e9 na internete: <https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/j\/joseph-schumpeter.asp>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Demokracia. Te\u00f3ria, modely, osobnosti, podmienky, nepriatelia a perspekt\u00edvy demokracie<\/em>. Brno: MU a MP\u00da, 2003, s. 178-179.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 179.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 180.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 180-181.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 181.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 182.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8] David Held<\/em>. [online], [cit. 11\/12\/2024]. Dostupn\u00e9 na internete: <https:\/\/revistaidees.cat\/en\/autors\/david-held\/>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9] HLOU\u0160EK, V.; KOPE\u010cEK, Z.: Ref. 2, s. 188.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V \u00favode na\u0161ej eseje pova\u017eujeme za d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 osobu Josepha Aloisa Schumpetera, ktor\u00fd je mnoh\u00fdmi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za jedn\u00e9ho z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch teoretikov demokracie ako takej. J.A Schumpeter (8.2.1883 \u2013 8.1.1950) je rod\u00e1kom z malebn\u00e9ho mesta na Morave s n\u00e1zvom T\u0159e\u0161\u0165. Schumpeterov p\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak prim\u00e1rne rak\u00fasky a okrem in\u00e9ho je dobre zn\u00e1me aj jeho aristokratick\u00e9 pozadie. Do okruhu jeho z\u00e1ujmov […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eseje"],"yoast_head":"\nO kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V \u00favode na\u0161ej eseje pova\u017eujeme za d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 osobu Josepha Aloisa Schumpetera, ktor\u00fd je mnoh\u00fdmi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za jedn\u00e9ho z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch teoretikov demokracie ako takej. J.A Schumpeter (8.2.1883 \u2013 8.1.1950) je rod\u00e1kom z malebn\u00e9ho mesta na Morave s n\u00e1zvom T\u0159e\u0161\u0165. Schumpeterov p\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak prim\u00e1rne rak\u00fasky a okrem in\u00e9ho je dobre zn\u00e1me aj jeho aristokratick\u00e9 pozadie. Do okruhu jeho z\u00e1ujmov […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"RE:PUB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/1e41a0a7d40b81e6c2993ffd939cb48a\"},\"headline\":\"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\"},\"wordCount\":1219,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"ESEJE\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\",\"name\":\"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/\",\"name\":\"RE:PUB\",\"description\":\"\u0161tudentsk\u00fd \u010dasopis\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization\",\"name\":\"RE:PUB\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/repub-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/repub-logo.png\",\"width\":427,\"height\":426,\"caption\":\"RE:PUB\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/1e41a0a7d40b81e6c2993ffd939cb48a\",\"name\":\"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f90d3e22159f0670fdc1894522e0cbf679bead310de5f35315d8a882edd67fe?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f90d3e22159f0670fdc1894522e0cbf679bead310de5f35315d8a882edd67fe?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?author=10\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294","og_locale":"sk_SK","og_type":"article","og_title":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB","og_description":"V \u00favode na\u0161ej eseje pova\u017eujeme za d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 osobu Josepha Aloisa Schumpetera, ktor\u00fd je mnoh\u00fdmi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za jedn\u00e9ho z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch teoretikov demokracie ako takej. J.A Schumpeter (8.2.1883 \u2013 8.1.1950) je rod\u00e1kom z malebn\u00e9ho mesta na Morave s n\u00e1zvom T\u0159e\u0161\u0165. Schumpeterov p\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak prim\u00e1rne rak\u00fasky a okrem in\u00e9ho je dobre zn\u00e1me aj jeho aristokratick\u00e9 pozadie. Do okruhu jeho z\u00e1ujmov […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294","og_site_name":"RE:PUB","article_published_time":"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00","author":"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Autor":"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd","Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania":"5 min\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294"},"author":{"name":"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/1e41a0a7d40b81e6c2993ffd939cb48a"},"headline":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera","datePublished":"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294"},"wordCount":1219,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization"},"articleSection":["ESEJE"],"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294","url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294","name":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera - RE:PUB","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-11-10T05:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-01T16:53:53+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?p=1294#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"O kapitalizme, socializme a demokracii o\u010dami J.A. Schumpetera"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/","name":"RE:PUB","description":"\u0161tudentsk\u00fd \u010dasopis","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#organization","name":"RE:PUB","url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/repub-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/repub-logo.png","width":427,"height":426,"caption":"RE:PUB"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/1e41a0a7d40b81e6c2993ffd939cb48a","name":"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f90d3e22159f0670fdc1894522e0cbf679bead310de5f35315d8a882edd67fe?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f90d3e22159f0670fdc1894522e0cbf679bead310de5f35315d8a882edd67fe?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Bc. Dami\u00e1n \u010carn\u00fd"},"url":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/?author=10"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1294"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1294\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1309,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1294\/revisions\/1309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1294"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1294"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.repub.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}